Which Histometric Analysis Approach Is More Reliable for Assessing Histological Bone Tissue Samples?

This study aims to evaluate the grid of Merz and ImageJ methods for histometric quantification, verifying which is more reliable and defining which is most suitable based on the time required to perform. Thirty histological samples of maxillary sinuses grafted with xenografts were evaluated using an optical light microscope attached to an image capture camera and connected to a microcomputer. The images were digitalized and recorded as a TIFF image, and the new bone formation was evaluated using the grid of Merz and ImageJ. The Bland-Altman analysis was used to identify the agreement between the methods and determine suitable future research options. The timing of the quantification was also performed to identify a possible advantage. The mean value for the quantification analysis timing for the grid of Merz was 194.9 ± 72.0 s and for ImageJ was 871.7 ± 264.4, with statistical significance between the groups (p = 0.0001). The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a concordance between the methods, due to the bias being next to the maximum concordance (-1.25) in addition to the graphic showing the scattering points next to the mean of differences and inside of limits of agreement. Thus, it was demonstrated that the grid of Merz presents reliable outcomes and advantages over the ImageJ methodology regarding the time spent to contour the areas of interest.

The new bone formation in human maxillary sinuses using two bone substitutes with different resorption types associated or not with autogenous bone graft: a comparative histomorphometric, immunohistochemical and randomized clinical study

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the new bone and connective tissue formation and the biomaterial remaining after maxillary sinus bone augmentation using 5 different bone substitutes. The osteocalcin immunolabeling was performed to demonstrate their calcification and the possibility of receiving dental implants. Methodology 40 patients underwent maxillary sinus bone augmentation and were divided in 5 groups: Group 1 with 8 maxillary sinuses were grafted with autogenous bone graft (AB); Group 2 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with bioactive glass (BG); Group 3 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with bioactive glass added to autogenous bone graft (BG + AB) 1:1; Group 4 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with Bio-Oss (BO) and Group 5 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with Bio-Oss added to autogenous bone graft (BO + AB) 1:1. Results In group AB, 37.8% of bone was formed in the pristine bone region, 38.1% in the intermediate and 44.5% in the apical region. In group BG, 43.6% was formed in the pristine bone, 37% in the intermediate and 49.3% in the apical region. In group BG + AB 1:1, 39.0% was formed in the pristine bone region, 34.8% in the intermediate and 36.8% in apical region. In group BO, 33.4% was formed in the pristine bone, 32.5% in the intermediate and 34.3% in the apical region. In group BO + AB 1:1, 32.8% was formed in the pristine bone, 36.1% in intermediate and 27.8% in the apical regions. The immunolabeling for osteocalcin showed an intensive staining for all groups, which could demonstrate the calcification of the bone formed. Conclusion This study showed that the groups evaluated formed a suitable lamellar bone in the maxillary sinus reconstruction after six months of bone healing, thus being indicated to receive dental implants.

The new bone formation in human maxillary sinuses using two bone substitutes with different resorption types associated or not with autogenous bone graft: a comparative histomorphometric, immunohistochemical and randomized clinical study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the new bone and connective tissue formation and the biomaterial remaining after maxillary sinus bone augmentation using 5 different bone substitutes. The osteocalcin immunolabeling was performed to demonstrate their calcification and the possibility of receiving dental implants. METHODOLOGY: 40 patients underwent maxillary sinus bone augmentation and were divided in 5 groups: Group 1 with 8 maxillary sinuses were grafted with autogenous bone graft (AB); Group 2 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with bioactive glass (BG); Group 3 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with bioactive glass added to autogenous bone graft (BG + AB) 1:1; Group 4 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with Bio-Oss (BO) and Group 5 with 8 maxillary sinuses grafted with Bio-Oss added to autogenous bone graft (BO + AB) 1:1. RESULTS: In group AB, 37.8% of bone was formed in the pristine bone region, 38.1% in the intermediate and 44.5% in the apical region. In group BG, 43.6% was formed in the pristine bone, 37% in the intermediate and 49.3% in the apical region. In group BG + AB 1:1, 39.0% was formed in the pristine bone region, 34.8% in the intermediate and 36.8% in apical region. In group BO, 33.4% was formed in the pristine bone, 32.5% in the intermediate and 34.3% in the apical region. In group BO + AB 1:1, 32.8% was formed in the pristine bone, 36.1% in intermediate and 27.8% in the apical regions. The immunolabeling for osteocalcin showed an intensive staining for all groups, which could demonstrate the calcification of the bone formed. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the groups evaluated formed a suitable lamellar bone in the maxillary sinus reconstruction after six months of bone healing, thus being indicated to receive dental implants.

Avaliação retrospectiva de pacientes submetidos à lipoplastia facial: uma nova abordagem cirúrgica e análise subjetiva da satisfação do paciente / Retrospective evaluation of patients submitted to facial lipoplasty: a new surgical approach and subjective analysis of patient satisfaction

Introdução: Atualmente, a lipoplastia facial tem sido muito estudada, e isso se justifica em decorrência dos resultados estéticos, dentre eles a valorização da projeção do osso zigomático. Poucas técnicas cirúrgicas foram descritas, principalmente em relação ao resultado de satisfação e do acesso que é realizado para a remoção da bola de Bichat. Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise de banco de dados para avaliar a satisfação do procedimento de bichectomia pelos próprios pacientes, além de descrever uma abordagem cirúrgica distinta da encontrada na literatura. Metodologia: Foram selecionados 47 pacientes para o procedimento, sendo este realizado em nível ambulatorial, seguindo a mesma técnica cirúrgica em todos os pacientes, os quais foram acompanhados por 7, 14, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório, verificando-se o processo de cicatrização e dados referentes à satisfação em todas as consultas realizadas. Resultados: Mediante a técnica empregada, houve um bom número inicial de pacientes satisfeitos com a cirurgia, que aumentou gradativamente conforme o acompanhamento. Conclusões: Assim, confirma-se que a bichectomia é um procedimento seguro, com poucas complicações, devendo haver uma maior amplitude nas pesquisas que visem avaliar o grau de satisfação dos pacientes para atender melhor as suas expectativas... (AU)

Introduction: Facial lipoplasty has been widely studied today because of the aesthetic results provided, such as the enhancement of the ossozygomatic projection. Few surgical techniques have been described, mainly in regard to the satisfaction result and the access that is made for the removal of the bichat ball. The objective of the present study is to perform a database analysis to evaluate satisfaction of the bichectomy procedure by the patients themselves, in addition to describing a surgical approach distinct from that found in the literature. Methodology: 47 patients were selected for the procedure, and the procedure was performed on an outpatient basis, following the same surgical technique in all patients, which were followed for 7, 14, 30 and 60 postoperative days, and the healing process was verified and satisfaction data in all consultations. Results: As a result, it can be observed that by the technique employed, there was a good initial number of patients satisfied with the surgery, which increased gradually as the follow-up in the more returns. Conclusions: Thus, it is confirmed that bichectomy is a safe procedure, with few complications, and more research should be done to evaluate the degree of patient satisfaction to meet their expectations... (AU)

Temporal Muscle Flap as a Treatment of an Extensive Cleft Palate in an Adult Patient.

For the management of cleft palate, the surgical approach has been suggested at an early stage even in childhood, varying in the number of interventions. Once the interventions are not performed at appropriate times, such as sequences that may accompany specific psychological, functional, and aesthetic effects. Since it has been indicated, temporal muscle flap is a technique with satisfactory results for a resolution of extensive clef palate in adult patients. The purpose of this paper is reporting a case of temporal muscle flap in the soft and hard palate of an adult with a reconstruction of the donor area with a titanium mesh. A 37 year old male patient with cleft lip/palate, complained of difficulty in speech, chewing, swallowing, and breathing. Clinically, it was observed oroantral communication in the region of the hard and soft palate, with a previous cheiloplasty. A temporal rotation was planned to close the fissure for the treatment. The modified coronal approach was used. Temporal muscle traction and its interposition in the palate region were performed through the tunneling technique, and mass suturing was performed. After 3 years, he presented satisfactory results, with the improvement of the quality of life, as well as the area of exposure. In conclusion, since it has been indicated, temporal muscle flap is a technique with satisfactory results for a resolution of extensive cleft palate in adult patients.

The Role of Computed Tomography in Zygomatic Bone Fracture - A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: The zygomatic complex is integral to the facial contour, protection of the eye and other facial structures, and dental occlusion. Its importance in facial function and aesthetics requires high quality outcomes of the treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: This paper reports the case of a 46-year-old man who had an occupational accident resulting in extensive facial trauma and zygomatic fractures. The patient presented with hyposphagma, palpable step in the area of the infraorbital rim, paresthesia of the right infraorbital nerve, flattening of zygomatic prominence, abrasion of the chin and nose, a 7-cm laceration in the midface region, ecchymosis in the palate, and alteration in the dental occlusion without limitation of mouth opening. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed the zygomatic complex fractures. The treatment was reduction and fixation with plates and screws. CT was used throughout the treatment period as an essential diagnostic tool for accurate fracture assessment and classification, formulation of the surgical plan, and postoperative evaluation. CONCLUSION: This case study illustrated the correct use of CT for improved and efficient treatment of traumatic injury of the zygoma, an anatomical area where restoration of function and aesthetics is challenging. The patient signed a written informed consent statement for publication.

Estudo comparativo do tratamento de fraturas de ângulo mandibular: análise retrospectiva de sete anos / Comparative study of mandibular angle fractures treatment: a seven years retrospective analysys

Introdução: Fraturas mandibulares apresentam alta incidência após traumas do complexo maxilomandibular, sendo a região goníaca uma das mais afetadas. Devido à biomecânica complexa da região, altos índices de complicações pós-operatórias estão relacionados às fraturas do ângulo mandibular. Objetivos: Avaliar o tratamento das fraturas de ângulo mandibular e comparar as taxas de complicações de duas técnicas diferentes de osteossíntese. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de prontuários dos pacientes diagnosticados com fraturas de ângulo mandibular, atendidos no período de junho de 2007 a junho de 2014. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupo I (uma miniplaca) e grupo II (duas miniplacas). Informações sobre a etiologia do trauma, características da fratura, tratamento e complicações foram colhidas e analisadas por meio de frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: Foram incluídos 50 pacientes com 53 fraturas de ângulo mandibular. O tempo médio decorrido entre o trauma e o procedimento cirúrgico foi de 9,59 dias, e 29 pacientes apresentavam dentes associados às fraturas. O índice geral de insucesso foi de 28,31%, e as complicações mais prevalentes foram os distúrbios infecciosos e mobilidade interfragmentária. Conclusões: Não houve diferença no índice de complicações entre os grupos analisados, e essas taxas concordam com o descrito na literatura... (AU)

Introduction: Mandibular fractures are highly incidence in the maxillomandibular trauma, and the goniac region is one of the most affected. Due to complex biomechanics, high rates of postoperative complications are related to fractures of the mandibular angle. Objectives: To evaluate the treatment of mandibular angle fractures and compare the complication rates of two different techniques of osteosynthesis. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed with mandibular angle fractures from June 2007 to June 2014. The patients were divided into group I (one plate) and group II (two plates). Information on the etiology of trauma, fracture settings, treatment and complications were analyzed using absolute and relative frequency. Results: 50 patients with 53 mandibular angle fractures were included. The average time elapsed between trauma and surgery was 9.59 days and 29 patients had teeth associated with fractures.. The general failure rate was 28.31%, and the most prevalent complications were infectious disorders and interfragmentary mobility. Conclusions: There was no difference in the complication rate between the groups analyzed and these rates agree with that described in the literature... (AU)

Bioactive glass added to autogenous bone graft in maxillary sinus augmentation: a prospective histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and bone graft resorption assessment.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the bone resorption rate, histomorphometry and immunohistochemical findings of bioactive glass (Biogran; Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA) mixed with autogenous bone grafts (1:1) and autogenous bone graft isolate in maxillary sinus elevation surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 9 maxillary sinuses were grafted with Biogran with autogenous bone graft (group 1) and 12 were mixed with autogenous bone graft (group 2). Postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure the initial graft volume after 15 days (T1), and 6 months later, another CBCT scan was performed to evaluate the final graft volume (T2) and determine the graft resorption rate. The resorption outcomes were 37.9%±18.9% in group 1 and 45.7%±18.5% in group 2 (P=0.82). After 6 months, biopsies were obtained concurrent with the placement of dental implants; these implants were subjected to histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). RESULTS: The average bone formation in group 1 was 36.6%±12.9 in the pristine bone region, 33.2%±13.3 in the intermediate region, and 45.8%±13.8 in the apical region; in group 2, the values were 34.4%±14.4, 35.0%±13.9, and 42.0%±16.6 of new bone formation in the pristine bone, intermediate, and apical regions, respectively. Immunostaining for TRAP showed poor clastic activity in both groups, which can indicate that those were in the remodeling phase. CONCLUSIONS: The similarity between the groups in the formation and maintenance of the graft volume after 6 months suggests that the bioactive glass mixed with autogenous bone (1:1) can be used safely as a bone substitute for the maxillary sinus lift.

Does lag screw fixation of condylar fractures result in adequate stability? A finite element analysis.

The great incidence and controversies related to the diagnosis, treatment, surgical accesses, and type of osteosynthesis materials confer an outstanding role to condylar fractures among facial fractures. Plate configurations, with diverse formats and sizes, may be used to surgically resolve condylar fractures. With the purpose of improving the advantages and minimizing the disadvantages of fixation techniques, the neck screw was developed aiming at the needed stabilization to render a correct fixation through a system of dynamic compression. This is achieved by increasing the contact between the fractured bone stumps, as well as assisting at the time of fracture reduction. The present paper aims at comparing the fixation and stability of mandibular condylar fractures using the neck screw and an overlaid "L"-shaped-4-hole-2 mm plate on the one hand, with a system in which the neck screw and the "L"-shaped plate form a single structure, having been joined by a welded point, on the other hand. The results with the neck screw are satisfactory, and, thus, it is an alternative for the reduction and fixation of fractures of the mandibular condyle, whether or not a plate is joined to the structure, provided it is correctly prescribed and with adequate surgical sequence and technique.

Prospective and Randomized Evaluation of ChronOS and Bio-Oss in Human Maxillary Sinuses: Histomorphometric and Immunohistochemical Assignment for Runx 2, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Osteocalcin.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare ChronOS (ß-tricalcium phosphate), Bio-Oss, and their addition to an autogenous bone graft in a 1:1 ratio in human maxillary sinus bone augmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty maxillary sinuses were divided in 5 groups: group 1 included 6 maxillary sinuses grafted with autogenous bone graft alone; group 2 included 6 maxillary sinuses grafted with ChronOS; group 3 included 6 maxillary sinuses grafted with ChronOS and autogenous bone graft in a 1:1 ratio; group 4 included 6 maxillary sinuses grafted with Bio-Oss; and group 5 included 6 maxillary sinuses grafted with Bio-Oss and autogenous bone graft in a 1:1 ratio. The number of samples for each group was determined by the statistical power test. RESULTS: The median areas of new bone formation in groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 121,917.0, 83,787.0, 99,295.0, 65,717.0, and 56,230.0 µm2, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found between groups 3 and 5, groups 1 and 4, and groups 1 and 5 (P < .05). The median areas of remaining biomaterial were 2,900.5, 5,291.0, 2,662.0, 56,258.5, and 64,753.5 µm2 in groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Statistically significant differences occurred between groups 1 and 5, groups 3 and 5, and groups 2 and 5 (P < .05). Areas of connective tissue were 67,829.0 ± 22,984.6 µm2 in group 1, 97,445.9 ± 18,983.3 µm2 in group 2, 88,256.0 ± 21,820.5 µm2 in group 3, 65,501.8 ± 6,297.6 in group 4, and 70,203.2 ± 13,421.3 µm2 in group 5. CONCLUSIONS: ChronOS combined with autogenous bone graft presented a behavior similar to that of autogenous bone graft alone. However, the groups treated with Bio-Oss showed immuno-labeling results indicating maturation of grafted bone.

Bioactive glass added to autogenous bone graft in maxillary sinus augmentation: a prospective histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and bone graft resorption assessment

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to compare the bone resorption rate, histomorphometry and immunohistochemical findings of bioactive glass (Biogran; Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA) mixed with autogenous bone grafts (1:1) and autogenous bone graft isolate in maxillary sinus elevation surgery. Material and Methods A total of 9 maxillary sinuses were grafted with Biogran with autogenous bone graft (group 1) and 12 were mixed with autogenous bone graft (group 2). Postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure the initial graft volume after 15 days (T1), and 6 months later, another CBCT scan was performed to evaluate the final graft volume (T2) and determine the graft resorption rate. The resorption outcomes were 37.9%±18.9% in group 1 and 45.7%±18.5% in group 2 (P=0.82). After 6 months, biopsies were obtained concurrent with the placement of dental implants; these implants were subjected to histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Results The average bone formation in group 1 was 36.6%±12.9 in the pristine bone region, 33.2%±13.3 in the intermediate region, and 45.8%±13.8 in the apical region; in group 2, the values were 34.4%±14.4, 35.0%±13.9, and 42.0%±16.6 of new bone formation in the pristine bone, intermediate, and apical regions, respectively. Immunostaining for TRAP showed poor clastic activity in both groups, which can indicate that those were in the remodeling phase. Conclusions The similarity between the groups in the formation and maintenance of the graft volume after 6 months suggests that the bioactive glass mixed with autogenous bone (1:1) can be used safely as a bone substitute for the maxillary sinus lift.

Cirurgia Odontológica em Paciente Portador de Hipofibrinogenemia / Dental Surgery In Patient With Hypofibrinogenemia

O fibrinogênio é uma proteína do sangue, fundamental na fase final de coagulação sanguínea. A hipofibrinogenemia é uma doença hemorrágica rara, em que ocorre uma deficiência quantitativa na produção do fibrinogênio. Os sintomas variam de acordo com a quantidade de fibrinogênio produzido pelo organismo e sua capacidade de funcionamento. Pacientes diagnosticados com essa condição que necessitem de cirurgia odontológica demandam de planejamento multidisciplinar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo relatar a conduta pré, trans e pós-operatória de um paciente portador de hipofibrinogenemia, com necessidade de cirurgia odontológica para exodontia de terceiros molares. O procedimento foi planejado pelo cirurgião-dentista em conjunto com o hematologista, em que os devidos cuidados foram adotados para segurança e conforto do paciente. A cirurgia foi realizada sem intercorrências e com sangramento compatível a não portadores dessa alteração... (AU)

Fibrinogen is an essential blood protein involved in the final stage of blood coagulation. The hypofibrinogenemia is a rare bleeding disorder that promotes a quantitative deficiency in the fibrinogen production. Symptoms vary according to the quantity of fibrinogen synthesis and its function in the organism. Patients diagnosed with this condition will demand multidisciplinary treatment planning in erder to have oral surgery procedures. The aim of this study was to report pre, trans, and postoperative management of a patient with hypofibrinogenemia requering oral surgery for third molars extraction. The procedure was planned by the dental surgeon in conjunction with the hematologist, where due care was taken for patient safety and comfort. The surgery was performed without complications, and bleeding was compatible with those who did not... (AU)

Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical assessment of RUNX2 and VEGF of Biogran™ and autogenous bone graft in human maxillary sinus bone augmentation: A prospective and randomized study.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have been conducted to assess new bone formation using Biogran, a bioactive glass, in maxillary sinus bone augmentation through a prospective and randomized evaluation. Moreover, there are no studies that evaluate cellular behavior by immunohistochemical assessment for osteoblastic and vascular activity during bone repair. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare new bone formation and cellular behavior with Biogran alone, a 1:1 combination of Biogran and autogenous bone graft, and autogenous bone graft alone in human maxillary sinuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten maxillary sinuses were grafted with Biogran (Group 1), 10 grafted with Biogran added to autogenous bone graft in a 1:1 ratio (Group 2), and 10 grafted with autogenous bone graft alone (Group 3). After 6 months of bone healing, samples were obtained concurrent to the dental implants' placement to be evaluated by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical assessment for RUNX2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). RESULTS: The amount of new bone formation in Group 1 was 42.0 ± 7.3% in the pristine bone region, 40.7 ± 14.0% in the intermediate region, and 45.6 ± 13.5% in apical region. In Group 2, for pristine bone, intermediate, and apical regions, new bone formation was 36.6 ± 12.9%, 33.2 ± 13.3%, and 45.8 ± 13.9%, respectively. Group 3 showed new bone formation of 37.3 ± 11.6%, 35.3 ± 14.7%, and 39.9 ± 15.8% in pristine bone, intermediate, and apical regions, respectively. The immunolabeling for RUNX2 showed low cellular activity in osteoblasts for all groups, and the VEGF assessment demonstrated moderate cellular activity in Groups 1 and 2; however, Group 3 presented with low activity in the pristine bone region, followed by moderate activity in the intermediate and apical region. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that Biogran and its combination with autogenous bone graft 1:1 are good bone substitutes due to their similarity to autogenous bone graft.

Paraendodontic surgery: case report / Cirurgia paraendodôntica: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Paraendodontic surgeries have been increasingly used to solve problems related to failures in conventional endodontic treatment. Better anatomical knowledge of the structures as well as the development of techniques and materials involved has resulted in substantial paraendodontic surgery increase and success. In some cases, teeth endodontic treatment highly benefits treatment accomplishment. This report describes a case of an endodontic treatment complemented by paraendodontic surgery in periapical region of 21, 22 and 23 of a female patient who had been treated at the clinic of the Brazilian Dental Association Dentistry - in the city of Cascavel, State of Parana, Brazil. The case presents a 12-month follow-up for the resolution of painful symptoms, lesion reduction, and bone formation. Literature review was performed regarding paraendodontic surgery in order to assess the determining factors, failure causes and procedure indications/contraindications, as well.

RESUMO A cirurgia paraendodôntica tem sido cada vez mais utilizada para sanar problemas inerentes aos insucessos no tratamento endodôntico convencional. O melhor conhecimento anatômico das estruturas envolvidas bem como a evolução das técnicas e dos materiais proporcionou um aumento significativo da utilização desta técnica e, por conseguinte seu maior sucesso. O tratamento endodôntico primário de um elemento dentário pode atingir altos índices de sucesso. Tornando-se, portanto, imprescindível para se atingir o sucesso do tratamento de alguns casos. Neste trabalho descreve-se um caso de tratamento endodôntico complementado por cirurgia paraendodôntica em região periapical dos elementos dentais 21, 22 e 23 de paciente do gênero feminino que foi tratada na Clínica de Odontologia da Associação Brasileira de Odontologia - Regional de Cascavel, Pr. O caso apresenta acompanhamento de 12 meses com resolução da sintomatologia dolorosa, redução da lesão e neoformação óssea. Foi realizada uma discussão com revisão da literatura sobre a cirurgia paraendodôntica avaliando os fatores determinantes, causas de insucessos, indicações e contraindicações do procedimento.

Estudo comparativo de imunomarcações (OC, VEGF, TRAP) em humanos, nas cirurgia de levantamento do assoalho de seio maxilar utilizando osso autógeno e heterógeno / Comparative study of the use of autogenous and heterogenous bonetomaxillary sinus lifting: histological and immune-histochemistry evaluationinhuman

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, através de análise histológica e imunoistoquímica, a neoformação e a remodelação óssea após a realização de cirurgias de elevação de seio maxilar, através de imunomarcação das proteínas osteocalcina, VEGF e TRAP. Foram selecionados 25 pacientes que foram submetidos a cirurgia para elevação do seio maxilar, através da técnica aberta sendo divididos em 3 grupos: A. Osso autógeno particulado; AB. Osso autógeno e heterógeno (Bio-oss®) e B. Apenas osso heterógeno (Bio-oss®). Passados seis meses desta intervenção, os pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia para instalação dos implantes, concomitante a remoção de amostra do osso enxertado nesse local, previamente. Na avaliação histológica foi observada neoformação óssea nos três grupos, com presença de trabéculas de osso maduro. Nos grupos B e AB, foi observada a presença de grânulos do biomaterial com tecido ósseo circundante. A análise estatística apontou diferença significante (ANOVA p=0.002), sugerindo uma maior neoformação óssea no grupo de osso autógeno. Na avaliação imunoistoquímica não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na comparação entre os grupos experimentais (A, B e AB), bem como as proteínas analisadas (OC: p=0,657; VEGF: p=0,133; TRAP: p=0,163). Conclui-se que a utilização de Bio-Oss®, associado ou não ao osso autógeno, para levantamento de seio maxilar através da técnica da janela lateral resulta em reparo ósseo. Uma previsível formação óssea é possível quando se utiliza esse material como osteocondutor

The objective of this study was to evaluate, through histological and immunohistochemistry analysis, the neoformation and bone remodeling after surgery of maxillary sinus lift, through immunostaining of the osteocalcin, VEGF and TRAP proteins. Were selected 25 patients who underwent surgery for maxillary sinus lift, through the open technique, and these were divided into 3 groups: A -particulate autogenous bone; AB - autogenous and heterogeneous bone (Bio-oss®) and B - only heterogeneous bone (Bio-oss®). After six months of this intervention, the patients were submitted to surgery for installation of implants and concomitant removal of grafted bone sample from the surgical site. The histological evaluation showed bone neoformation in three groups, with presence of trabeculae of mature bone. In groups B and BA, it was observed the presence of granules of the biomaterial with surrounding bone tissue. A statistical analysis showed significant difference (ANOVA p=0,002), suggesting a greater bone neoformation in group of autogenous bone. In immunohistochemical evaluation no statistically significant differences were observed in the comparison between the experimental groups (A, B and AB), as well as the proteins analyzed (OC: p= 0.657; VEGF: p= 0,133; TRAP: p= 0.163). It is concluded that the use of Bio-Oss ®, associated or not to autogenous bone, for maxillary sinus lift through the side window technique results in bone repair. A predictable bone formation is possible when using this material as osteoconductive

Estudo comparativo de imunomarcações (OC, VEGF, TRAP) em humanos, nas cirurgia de levantamento do assoalho de seio maxilar utilizando osso autógeno e heterógeno / Comparative study of the use of autogenous and heterogenous bonetomaxillary sinus lifting: histological and immune-histochemistry evaluationinhuman

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, através de análise histológica e imunoistoquímica, a neoformação e a remodelação óssea após a realização de cirurgias de elevação de seio maxilar, através de imunomarcação das proteínas osteocalcina, VEGF e TRAP. Foram selecionados 25 pacientes que foram submetidos a cirurgia para elevação do seio maxilar, através da técnica aberta sendo divididos em 3 grupos: A. Osso autógeno particulado; AB. Osso autógeno e heterógeno (Bio-oss®) e B. Apenas osso heterógeno (Bio-oss®). Passados seis meses desta intervenção, os pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia para instalação dos implantes, concomitante a remoção de amostra do osso enxertado nesse local, previamente. Na avaliação histológica foi observada neoformação óssea nos três grupos, com presença de trabéculas de osso maduro. Nos grupos B e AB, foi observada a presença de grânulos do biomaterial com tecido ósseo circundante. A análise estatística apontou diferença significante (ANOVA p=0.002), sugerindo uma maior neoformação óssea no grupo de osso autógeno. Na avaliação imunoistoquímica não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na comparação entre os grupos experimentais (A, B e AB), bem como as proteínas analisadas (OC: p=0,657; VEGF: p=0,133; TRAP: p=0,163). Conclui-se que a utilização de Bio-Oss®, associado ou não ao osso autógeno, para levantamento de seio maxilar através da técnica da janela lateral resulta em reparo ósseo. Uma previsível formação óssea é possível quando se utiliza esse material como osteocondutor.

The objective of this study was to evaluate, through histological and immunohistochemistry analysis, the neoformation and bone remodeling after surgery of maxillary sinus lift, through immunostaining of the osteocalcin, VEGF and TRAP proteins. Were selected 25 patients who underwent surgery for maxillary sinus lift, through the open technique, and these were divided into 3 groups: A -particulate autogenous bone; AB - autogenous and heterogeneous bone (Bio-oss®) and B - only heterogeneous bone (Bio-oss®). After six months of this intervention, the patients were submitted to surgery for installation of implants and concomitant removal of grafted bone sample from the surgical site. The histological evaluation showed bone neoformation in three groups, with presence of trabeculae of mature bone. In groups B and BA, it was observed the presence of granules of the biomaterial with surrounding bone tissue. A statistical analysis showed significant difference (ANOVA p=0,002), suggesting a greater bone neoformation in group of autogenous bone. In immunohistochemical evaluation no statistically significant differences were observed in the comparison between the experimental groups (A, B and AB), as well as the proteins analyzed (OC: p= 0.657; VEGF: p= 0,133; TRAP: p= 0.163). It is concluded that the use of Bio-Oss ®, associated or not to autogenous bone, for maxillary sinus lift through the side window technique results in bone repair. A predictable bone formation is possible when using this material as osteoconductive.

Estudo clínico retrospectivo da taxa de sucesso precoce de implantes osseointegrados / A retrospective clinical trial of the earlysuccess rate of osseointegrated implants

Introdução: os implantes se consolidaram como alternativa no tratamento do edentulismo, porém, algumas variantes envolvendo, por exemplo, o implante e o leito receptor podem interferir negativamente no sucesso do tratamento. As falhas dos implantes dentários podem ser classificadas como tardias ou precoces, dependendo do momento em que ocorreram. Objetivo: estabelecer o índice de sucesso precoce dos implantes realizados em um curso de especialização em Implantodontia no período de 2009 a 2012. Métodos: foram analisados os prontuários de pacientes tratados em um curso de especialização entre 2009 e 2012. O critério de inclusão empregado foi a instalação de implantes da marca P-I Brånemark Philosophy, utilizando-se da técnica cirúrgica de duas etapas para sua realização, sendo que esses permaneceram submersos por um período mínimo de três meses. Os pacientes selecionados receberam implantes em maxila e mandíbula, submetidas ou não a enxertos ósseos. A avaliação foi efetivada no momento da cirurgia de reabertura, não sendo levada em consideração a sobrevida dos implantes após o carregamento protético. Resultados: a taxa de sucesso foi de 97%, e os fatores que alteraram significativamente os resultados foram a presença ou não de enxerto ósseo e a localização do implante. Conclusões: o índice de sucesso obtido corrobora a literatura e evidencia que a experiência do operador não interfere, necessariamente, no resultado final do tratamento. Os achados demonstram, ainda, que a área de maior falha foi a região posterior, e que os sítios com enxerto ósseo apresentaram taxa de sucesso maior que os citados em outros estudos.

Introduction: Dental implants have become an alternative to treat edentulism, however, some variants involving theimplant itself and the receptor site can hinder treatment success. Dental implant failure is classified into late or early,depending on when it occurs. Objective: To determine the early success rate of implants installed during a specializationcourse in Implantodontics carried out between 2009 and 2012. Methods: The records of patients treatedbetween 2009 and 2012 were analyzed. The following inclusion criteria were applied: P-I Brånemark Philosophyimplants installed by means of the two-stage surgical technique, with implants submerged for a minimum period ofthree months. The selected patients underwent implant placement in the maxilla and mandible, subjected or not tobone graft. Evaluation was implemented at implant reopening. Implant survival after prosthetic loading was not considered.Results: The success rate was of 97%, with the presence or absence of bone graft, with implant positioningsignificantly influencing the final results. Conclusions: The success rate observed by this study not only corroboratesthe literature, but also reveals that the operator’s experience does not necessarily interferes in treatment outcomes.The findings also show that the posterior region had the highest number of failures, whereas bone graft sites had ahigher success rate in comparison to other studies.

Acadêmicos e profissionais da odontologia estão preparados para salvar vidas? / Are dentistry students and professionals prepared to save lives?

Introdução: O cirurgião-dentista enfrenta, no cotidiano de seu trabalho, o risco de se deparar com eventos emergenciais que envolvam a saúde geral. A emergência é definida como uma situação em que não pode haver uma protelação no atendimento, o qual deve ser imediato. Objetivos: Verificar se os profissionais e estudantes de odontologia estão preparados para numa eventualidade, diante de uma parada cardiorrespiratória, realizar com eficiência as manobras de ressuscitação cardiorrespiratória, evitando consequências indesejadas, que podem levar à morte do paciente. Métodos: Os dados foram obtidos mediante questionário elaborado para avaliar o nível de conhecimento sobre a sequência correta das manobras de ressuscitação cardiorrespiratória, aplicado aos alunos de graduação do segundo ao quinto ano e de pós-graduação da universidade. Foram distribuídos 142 questionários, juntamente com um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Resultados: Constatou-se que apenas 15% dos entrevistados emitiram respostas consideradas corretas e houve 85% de respostas erradas. Conclusões: O cirurgião-dentista deve estar preparado para uma situação de emergência, evitando consequências indesejadas, tal como a morte do paciente. O índice de acertos foi muito baixo. As técnicas de ressuscitação cardiorrespiratória devem ser revisadas continuadamente, num período inferior a um ano, pois a maior parte dos alunos de todos os grupos pesquisados não assimilou de forma correta a técnica ou a esqueceu em razão da falta de treinamento prático ou da baixa incidência dessa emergência.